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(CNN) -- Gerald Ford was the unlikeliest of presidents, a man brought to power by unprecedented circumstances without seeking the office, at a time when Americans -- reeling from the Watergate scandal -- were disillusioned and weary.

But in his very first speech as president in August 1974, after taking the oath of office, Ford vowed he would 'not shirk' what appeared to be a thankless task. And he tried to set a tone of reconciliation and renewal by telling his countrymen that 'our long national nightmare is over.'

'This is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our hearts,' Ford said. 'I am acutely aware that you have not elected me as your president by your ballots, and so I ask you to confirm me as your president with your prayers.' (Watch how Ford's theme was 'a return to honesty')

Over the next 2¨ö years, Ford tried to bind up the nation's wounds in his plain-spoken, Midwestern manner, reminding Americans that 'I'm a Ford, not a Lincoln' and providing a steady hand on the wheel during a turbulent time.

Yet, the enormously controversial decision he made in his first month in office to pardon his predecessor, Richard Nixon, is widely blamed for costing him an election in his own right in 1976, in one of the closest presidential elections in U.S. history.

Ford, 93, the oldest surviving former U.S. president, died Tuesday, his wife, former first lady Betty Ford said.

The nation's 38th president spent several days in the fall of 2006 at Eisenhower Medical Center in Rancho Mirage, California, for medical tests. At the time of his release, on October 16, his chief of staff, Penny Circle, said he would 'resume normal activities.'

In August, he was discharged from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, after undergoing an angioplasty procedure to reduce or eliminate blockages in his coronary arteries. Doctors also implanted a pacemaker to improve his heart performance.

He is survived by his wife, Betty, 88; three sons, Michael, Jack and Steven; and a daughter, Susan.

Born in Nebraska with a different name
Ford was born Leslie Lynch King on July 14, 1913, in Omaha, Nebraska. When he was just 2 years old, his parents divorced, and his mother moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan, where he grew up. His mother remarried, and he was adopted and renamed after his stepfather, Gerald Rudolff Ford.

After playing football at the University of Michigan and serving on an aircraft carrier in the Navy during World War II, Ford was elected to the U.S. House in 1948 as a Republican, representing a district centered on his hometown of Grand Rapids.

He spent 25 years in Congress, working his way up to minority leader in 1965. His ambition was to be speaker of the House, not president. Indeed, Ford's presidency was one of the great accidents of American history.

In October 1973, Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned after pleading no contest to tax evasion. President Nixon, ensnared in the rising Watergate scandal, asked the well-respected Ford to leave Congress to replace Agnew, and he accepted.

By August 1974, with impeachment looming and his GOP support in Congress crumbling, Nixon became the first, and so far only, president to resign -- making Ford the only person to become president without having been first elected as president or vice president.

Ford's wife and four children, then young adults, brought a more contemporary air to the White House, after the more staid Nixons. Betty Ford was particularly popular, although her candor occasionally caused controversy, such as her admission that her children had probably smoked marijuana and she would have, too, if she were still young.

Just a month after her husband assumed the presidency, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. Her decision to be upfront and forthcoming about her ordeal drew unprecedented public attention to the disease. She later sought treatment for alcoholism and founded the Betty Ford Center in California, which treats addiction.

Pardoned President Nixon
In September 1974, Ford granted Nixon a pardon, sparing the former president from the prospect of going to prison. The public and political backlash was angry and bitter, with Ford accused of making a tawdry deal with Nixon to secure the White House for himself.

Ford always denied that any deal had been struck. But the pardon colored the rest of his presidency.

'It was a tough decision,' Ford told USA Today in an interview in 2000. 'We needed to get the matter off my desk ... so I could concentrate on the problems of 260 million Americans and not have to worry about the problems of one man.'

The pardon was just the beginning of the challenges Ford faced in office. He inherited stubborn inflation, a recession, high unemployment and an energy crisis. As U.S. involvement in Vietnam wound down, North Vietnamese forces eventually overran South Vietnam, triggering a chaotic evacuation of U.S. loyalists from the country in 1975.

Ford, despite his athletic background, also developed a reputation as being accident-prone, stumbling while exiting Air Force One, bumping his head getting into a helicopter and once beaning a spectator on a golf course -- all of which prompted regular spoofing from comedian Chevy Chase on 'Saturday Night Live.'

Even though he hadn't sought the presidency, Ford decided he wanted to stay in the White House and sought a full term in 1976. It was an uphill battle from the start.

He only narrowly won the GOP nomination, after a hard-fought campaign against Ronald Reagan, and started the general election campaign far behind the Democratic nominee, former Georgia Gov. Jimmy Carter.

But Ford stormed back by election day, carrying 27 states and coming to within a whisker of beating Carter in the Electoral College. A shift of just 23,000 votes in two states, Ohio and Wisconsin, would have given Ford the win.

After leaving the White House, Ford kept a generally low profile, limiting his appearances largely to golf tournaments and splitting his time between homes in Rancho Mirage and Beaver Creek, Colorado. He built a presidential library and museum in Michigan.

His only foray back into the political fray came at the Republican National Convention in Detroit in 1980, when Reagan, the party's nominee, briefly considered putting Ford on the ticket in what was billed as a 'co-presidency.' But the plan was quickly dropped.

During the 2000 Republican convention, Ford suffered a mild stroke. He was hospitalized again in 2003 after suffering a dizzy spell while playing golf in 96-degree heat.

In January 2006, he spent 11 days in a hospital near his home in Rancho Mirage being treated for pneumonia. Then in late July, he was admitted to a hospital in Vail, Colorado, for two days after suffering shortness of breath.

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