ÅÍ³Ê Æ¯»ç ¡°ºÏÇÑ¿¡ °­Á¦¼Ûȯ Å»ºÏ¹Îµé Çà¹æ ¹àÈú °Í Ã˱¸Çؾߡ±

"Ÿ±¹ Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ÀÚ±¹ ÁÖ¹ÎÀ» °­Á¦ ¼Ûȯ µ¶·ÁÇÏ´Â ÝÁÀÇ Á¶Ä¡´Â Ãʱ¹°¡Àû ź¾Ð ÇàÀ§(acts of transnational repression)"
¾ÞÄ¿:ÁÙ¸® ÅÍ³Ê ¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ ºÏÇÑÀαÇƯ»ç´Â ºÏÇÑ ´ç±¹¿¡ °­Á¦¼ÛȯµÈ Å»ºÏ¹ÎµéÀÇ Çà¹æÀ» ¹àÈ÷°í À̵éÀÌ ÀεµÀûÀÎ ´ë¿ì¸¦ ¹Þ¾ÒÀ½À» ÀÔÁõÇÒ °ÍÀ» Ã˱¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í °­Á¶Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¼­¿ï¿¡¼­ ÀÌÁ¤Àº ±âÀÚ°¡ º¸µµÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

ÁÙ¸® ÅÍ³Ê ¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ ºÏÇÑÀαÇƯ»ç´Â 18ÀÏ Àç¿Ü Å»ºÏ¹ÎÀÇ °­Á¦¼ÛȯÀ» ¹æÁöÇÏ°í ºÏÇÑ ´ç±¹¿¡ ÀÌ¹Ì ¼ÛȯµÈ Å»ºÏ¹Î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸È£¸¦ Ã˱¸Çϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í °­Á¶Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ÅÍ³Ê Æ¯»ç´Â À̳¯ Çѱ¹ ÅëÀϺΰ¡ ÁÖÃÖÇÑ ¡®ºÏÇÑÀ뱂 ±¹Á¦´ëÈ­¡¯¿¡¼­ ÀÌ°°ÀÌ ¹àÈ÷¸ç ºÏÇÑ ´ç±¹¿¡ °­Á¦¼ÛȯµÈ À̵éÀÇ Çà¹æÀ» ¹àÈ÷°í À̵éÀÌ ÀεµÀûÀÎ ´ë¿ì¸¦ ¹Þ¾ÒÀ½À» ÀÔÁõÇÒ °ÍÀ» Ã˱¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

ÁÙ¸® ÅÍ³Ê ¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ ºÏÇÑÀαÇƯ»ç:¿ì¸®´Â °­Á¦¼ÛȯµÈ À̵éÀÇ Çà¹æÀ» ±Ô¸íÇÏ°í ±×µéÀÌ ÀεµÀûÀÎ ´ë¿ì¸¦ ¹Þ¾ÒÀ½À» ÀÔÁõÇÒ °ÍÀ» ºÏÇÑ¿¡ Ã˱¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.(We should call upon the DPRK to account for the whereabouts of those who have been forcibly returned and to demonstrate that they have been treated humanely.)

¶Ç ¸ðµç À¯¿£ ȸ¿ø±¹¿¡ °­Á¦¼Ûȯ ±ÝÁöÀÇ ¿øÄ¢À» ÁؼöÇÒ °ÍÀ» °è¼Ó Ã˱¸ÇÏ°í ƯÈ÷ Áß±¹ Á¤ºÎ¿¡´Â ±¸±ÝµÈ Å»ºÏ¹Î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À¯¿£³­¹Î±â±¸(UNHCR)ÀÇ Á¢±ÙÀ» Çã¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀ» Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î Ã˱¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

¶Ç Ÿ±¹ Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ÀÚ±¹ ³» ºÏÇÑ ÁÖ¹ÎÀ» °­Á¦·Î ¼ÛȯÇϵµ·Ï µ¶·ÁÇÏ´Â ºÏÇÑ ´ç±¹ÀÇ Á¶Ä¡´Â Ãʱ¹°¡Àû ź¾Ð ÇàÀ§(acts of transnational repression)·Î ±ÔÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»Çϸç ÀÌ °°Àº ÇàÀ§¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ºÏÇÑ ´ç±¹ÀÇ ÀαÇÀ¯¸°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓ ±Ô¸íÀ» ÃßÁøÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í °­Á¶Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

ÅÍ³Ê Æ¯»ç´Â Áß±¹°ú ºÏÇÑÀÇ Á¤Ã¥À¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¼ö¸¹Àº °¡Á·ÀÌ ºÐ¸®µÆ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ±â¾ïÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»Çϸç ƯÈ÷ Áß±¹¿¡¼­ ÀνŸŸŠȤÀº °­Á¦°áÈ¥À» ´çÇ߰ųª Á¦3±¹À¸·Î °¡·Á´Ù Áß±¹¿¡ Á¤ÂøÇÑ ºÏÇÑ ¿©¼ºµéÀÌ Áß±¹ÀÇ °­Á¦¼Ûȯ Á¤Ã¥À¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀÚ³àµé°ú ºÐ¸®µÆ´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

Áß±¹ÀÌ ºÏÇÑ ³» °í¹®ÀÇ Áõ°Å°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÅÍ³Ê Æ¯»ç´Â Áö³­ 2014³â ¹ßÇ¥µÈ À¯¿£ ºÏÇÑÀαÇÁ¶»çÀ§¿øȸ º¸°í¼­ µîÀº ºÏÇÑ ³» °í¹®°ú ÇдëÀÇ Áõ°Å¸¦ ¼ö¸¹Àº ¸ñ°ÝÀÚÀÇ Áõ¾ðÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ¸í½ÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù¸ç ºÏÇÑ ³» Á¶Á÷ÀûÀÎ ÀαÇħÇØ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áõ°Å´Â ¸Å¿ì ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

·Îº£¸£Å¸ ÄÚÇî Àü ±¹¹«ºÎ ÀαǴã´ç ºÎÂ÷°üº¸´Â À̳¯ Çà»ç¿¡¼­ À¯¿£ ÃÑȸ ºÏÇÑÀαǺ¸°í¼­ÀÇ °øµ¿Á¦¾È±¹µéÀÌ ³»³â À¯¿£ ºÏÇÑÀαÇÁ¶»çÀ§¿øȸ(UN COI) º¸°í¼­ ¹ßÇ¥ 10ÁÖ³âÀ» ¸Â¾Æ À¯¿£ ¾ÈÀüº¸ÀåÀÌ»çȸ Â÷¿øÀÇ È¸ÀǸ¦ ¿­°í À̸¦ ÁýÁß Á¶¸íÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ Å»ºÏ¹Î °­Á¦¼Ûȯ ÀϽà ÁßÁö(moratorium)¸¦ Ã˱¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í Á¦¾ðÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

À¯¿£ ÀαÇÀÌ»çȸ°¡ ³»³â 11¿ù °³ÃÖÇÒ ¿¹Á¤ÀÎ ºÏÇÑ ³» À뱂 »óȲ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤·Ê °ËÅä¿¡¼­µµ ºÏÇÑ ÁֹεéÀÌ ºÏÇÑÀ» ¶°³¯ ±Ç¸®(right to leave a country)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®°ú ±Ç°í¸¦ ÁýÁßÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦±âÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

·Îº£¸£Å¸ ÄÚÇî Àü ±¹¹«ºÎ ÀαǴã´ç ºÎÂ÷°üº¸: 2024³â ºÏÇÑ À뱂 »óȲ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸ÆíÀû Á¤·Ê°ËÅä¿¡¼­ ºÏÇÑÀ» ¶°³¯ ±Ç¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®°ú ±Ç°í°¡ Á¦½ÃµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ºÏÇÑ Áֹε鿡°Ô´Â ºÏÇÑÀ» ¶°³ª´Â °ÍÀÌ Á¤Ä¡Àû ¾ï¾Ð, ¸¸¼ºÀû ±â¾Æ, ¹ÚÇظ¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. (At the 2024 Universal Periodic Review of North Korea's human rights record questions should be asked and recommendations should be put forward on the right to leave a country. Leaving may be the only way North Koreans have to escape political oppression, chronic hunger and persecution.)

ÄÚÇî Àü ºÎÂ÷°üº¸´Â ¶Ç À¯¿£±â±¸µéÀÌ ÇØ¿Ü Å»ºÏ¹ÎµéÀ» º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÅëÇÕµÈ Àü·«À» °í¾ÈÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»Çϸç ƯÈ÷ À¯¿£³­¹Î±â±¸(UNHCR)°¡ ÀÌ °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ÇÙ½ÉÀûÀÎ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í °­Á¶Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

¾Æ¿ï·¯ À¯¿£ ÀαÇÃÖ°í´ëÇ¥»ç¹«¼Ò(UN OHCHR)°¡ ºÏÇÑ ´ç±¹ÀÇ ÁֹΠÅëÁ¦ °­È­¿Í ±Í±¹Àڵ鿡 ´ëÇÑ Çд뿡 ´ëÇØ º¸°í¼­¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ°í À¯¿£ »ç¹«ÃÑÀåÀº À¯¿£ ÃÑȸ¿¡ Á¦ÃâÇÏ´Â ºÏÇÑÀ뱂 º¸°í¼­¿¡ °ü·Ã ³»¿ëÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í Á¦¾ðÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

¾Õ¼­ ÀÚÀ¯¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¹æ¼Û(RFA) µîÀº Áö³­ 10¿ù Áß±¹ Á¤ºÎ°¡ Ç×Àú¿ì ¾Æ½Ã¾È°ÔÀÓ Æó¸· Á÷ÈÄ Áß±¹¿¡ ±¸±ÝµÈ Å»ºÏ¹Î ¼ö¹é¸íÀ» ºÏ¼ÛÇß´Ù°í º¸µµÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Áö³­ 1948³â 12¿ù À¯¿£ ÃÑȸ°¡ äÅÃÇÑ ¼¼°èÀαǼ±¾ðÀº Á¦13Á¶¿¡¼­ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ±¹À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¾î¶² ³ª¶ó·ÎºÎÅ͵µ Ãâ±¹ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÚ±¹À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Ã ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù°í ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

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