Political Scheme Disguised as Revolution

The latest incident is not a revolution, but a form of political maneuvering aimed at grabbing power by driving out a lame duck president in the final year of her single-term presidency. Impeachment is the culmination of a pseudo-revolution that has transpired over the past month.
A revolution is a moving drama characterized by a reversal of fortune in which the people of a country put their lives at risk to overthrow a seemingly impregnable and despotic leader. That is why revolutions trigger strong emotions within us. But the series of events we have witnessed in Korea so far constitute merely a political maneuver to betray and oust the president through a scheme hatched by the omnipotent news media, prosecutors, opposition lawmakers who account for a majority of seats in the National Assembly, scores of protesters and high-ranking officials who have endured both good and bad times with Park over the past decade. It is inherently different than a traditional revolution. We are not witnessing a reversal of fortune, in which the oppressed people overthrow a despotic ruler, but rather the opposite, in which the powerful majority join forces to ostracize a lonely individual. We are witnessing an unethical and ugly power struggle.

by Kim Pyung-woo (Attorney and former head of the Korea Bar Association)

Following a month of candle-light protests by demonstrators demanding the president¡¯s resignation, the National Assembly finally caved in to public pressure and voted on Dec. 9 to impeach Park, resulting in the suspension of her powers. The Korean news media lauded the decision as a ¡°victory for democracy¡± and an ¡°honorable revolution of the people.¡± The Korea Bar Association and other civic groups rushed to release statements the following morning welcoming and supporting the impeachment vote. Protesters took to the streets to toast the impeachment vote and shout in joy. But not a single foreign news media outlet described the impeachment vote as a people¡¯s revolution. Rather, tens of thousands of Park¡¯s supporters took to the streets the following day waving the Korean flag and denouncing the impeachment vote. Korean news media largely ignored those protests as if those Koreans who showed their support for the president by shedding tears and waving the flag are unworthy of attention.

I disagree with the news media and Korean Bar Association which view the latest events as a revolution. In my view, the latest incident is not a revolution, but a form of political maneuvering aimed at grabbing power by driving out a lame duck president in the final year of her single-term presidency. Impeachment is the culmination of a pseudo-revolution that has transpired over the past month. Let me explain why I feel this way.

First, the target of a people¡¯s revolution or democratic uprising must be an anti-democratic regime that stands against the will of the public. The cause is the anti-democratic dictatorship and the response is a civilian and democratic government seeking to topple the autocratic regime. But the Park administration is not anti-democratic or anti-government. Park was elected president on Dec. 19, 2012 by garnering the support of 51.6 percent of registered voters in a fair and transparent election. She took the oath of office in February of 2013 with the Korean public bearing witness. Her leadership is legitimate according to our nation¡¯s Constitution. Any act that aims to topple such a legitimate and democratically-elected government (regardless of intent) is an illegal attempt at grabbing power, no matter how many people support it for the time being and it is not a glorious revolution of the people.

Second, a revolution involves the process of rebuilding a nation by adopting an entirely different political and economic system compared to the past. The French Revolution, Russian Revolution, Warsaw Uprising, Cuban Revolution and the April 19 Pro-Democracy Revolution of Korea are remembered and revered as honorable revolutions, since they all led to the establishment of democratic governments, although the accompanied some violations of the law as well as bloodshed. But what exactly do the forces seeking to topple the Park Geun-hye administration seek to establish? Do they aim to establish a new political and economic system that is more democratic than the Constitution of 1987? No. I have yet to hear a single journalist, opposition lawmaker or protester mention a new political or democratic system. Even if they did have something in mind, it was probably limited to a left-wing slogan at best and nothing more. The simple mentality at work is to oust the president as quickly as possible, because the public has grown tired of her, and hold a fresh round of presidential elections earlier than scheduled. It would be more convincing to propose holding early elections due to an expected natural disaster in December. Demanding early elections simply because the public has grown tired of Park is like a spoiled child¡¯s grumbling. 

Third, a revolution refers to a phenomenon where an oppressed people suddenly rise up against a long-reigning and oppressive regime and swiftly topple an authoritative dictator. Fulgencio Batista of Cuba, Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines and Muammar Gaddafi of Libya, who ruled for decades with an iron fist, are prime examples of dictators who were toppled by a people¡¯s revolution. But Park is a democratically-elected president whose constitutionally-guaranteed, five-year, single term presidency is scheduled to end in a year. Bringing down a president whose tenure is scheduled to end soon cannot be called a revolution. A revolution may sound glorified, but is actually a violation of laws that entail early campaigning by presidential hopefuls.

Fourth, a revolution is a moving drama characterized by a reversal of fortune in which the people of a country put their lives at risk to overthrow a seemingly impregnable and despotic leader. That is why revolutions trigger strong emotions within us. But the series of events we have witnessed in Korea so far constitute merely a political maneuver to betray and oust the president through a scheme hatched by the omnipotent news media, prosecutors, opposition lawmakers who account for a majority of seats in the National Assembly, scores of protesters and high-ranking officials who have endured both good and bad times with Park over the past decade. It is inherently different than a traditional revolution. We are not witnessing a reversal of fortune, in which the oppressed people overthrow a despotic ruler, but rather the opposite, in which the powerful majority join forces to ostracize a lonely individual. We are witnessing an unethical and ugly power struggle.

Fifth, a people¡¯s revolution is a tough battle against a corrupt and absolute dictator. This process entails a lot of bloodshed among protesters as seen during the Russian Revolution and April 19th Revolution in Korea with many innocent people being jailed. Revolutions are revered since they entail such valuable sacrifices. But the citizens who participated in the latest events in Korea did not sacrifice anything. Not a drop of blood was shed and not a single person was hurt. The only people who were hurt were the president, who was unfairly condemned, her aides, government workers and heads of major business conglomerates, who were subjected to utter humiliation in front of a National Assembly hearing into the Choi Soon-sil scandal.

In conclusion, citizens who participated in the candle-light protests did not make any sacrifices. Rather, they gathered on pre-scheduled dates at reserved locations and were backed by a highly-supportive news media and received various amenities, including candles, food and transportation funded by mysterious donors. Seoul city officials who authorized the candle-light protests ensured that demonstrators would not experienced any inconveniences by prohibiting other groups from holding rallies downtown. Opposition lawmakers showed up at the protests to exchange handshakes with the demonstrators and take selfies. They were not hindered by police, but were fully supported by them. Citizens lit candles supplied by protest organizers and clapped and sang as if they were attending a popular festival. Some protesters apparently received money for taking part in the demonstrations. This cannot be called a revolution. It is a pseudo revolution involving part-time demonstrators.

There is one thing the citizens of Korea should refer to as a revolution. That would be the uprising by the 20 million people of North Korea, who have suffered under the most oppressive conditions in the world for the past 70 years, unable to speak their minds as they hunkered under starving conditions. The day the tyrannical and hereditary rule of the Kim dynasty comes to an end in North Korea will be the day the Korean peninsula gets to experience a genuine revolution. We will be able to congratulate the heroic and courageous North Korean people for achieving an authentic revolution. Until that day, let us be careful about using the venerable term called ¡°revolution.¡±  I am afraid that the events being witnessed in our country right now may tarnish the true meaning of revolution.

Dec. 12, 2016



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