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Other subsidies, too, show how good intentions pave dangerous roads. Those for electricity make power more affordable, but leave the distribution network underfunded. Only 77% of electricity is paid for, piling up debts reckoned in 2019 at around $57bn. To compensate, commercial consumers pay up to four times more for power, helping make Indian manufacturers uncompetitive. Similarly, Indian Railways can afford government-imposed low passenger fares only by raising the cost of freight. It relies on shunting coal from forest-devouring strip mines to smoke-belching power plants.


The WTO might be more sympathetic if it were to study a typical Indian election campaign, where parties vie to offer ever-higher handouts. The current government started off in 2014 insisting it would slash subsidies, and compressed a multiplicity of government schemes into just 40 main ones (not counting various hidden handouts and cross-subsidies). But it still spends more on subsidies than on defence, and has added new beneficiaries. 〈The Economist November 20th 2021〉


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  • bestkorea 2021-12-02 ¿ÀÀü 9:58

    Agree!
    I think they have no hope in at least a hundred yrs.
    That's what I got a impressing of them when I was there.
    Thanks. Have a great day.

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