Ú¸ ±¹¹«ºÎ ÀαǺ¸°í¼­ ¡°Áß±¹, Å»ºÏ¹Î °­Á¦ºÏ¼Û Áö¼Ó¡¦Á¶·ÂÀÚµµ ±¸±Ý¡¤±â¼Ò¡±

'Å»ºÏ ¿©¼ºµéÀÌ Áß±¹ÀÎ ¹è¿ìÀÚ¿Í °áÈ¥ÇØ ³ºÀº 3¸¸ ¸í¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ´Â ÀÚ³àµé, Ãâ»ý½Å°í ¸øÇØ »ç½Ç»ó ¹«±¹Àû »óÅÂ'
¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ°¡ ¿¬·Ê À뱂 º¸°í¼­¸¦ ÅëÇØ Áß±¹ÀÌ Å»ºÏ¹Î º¸È£ ³ë·ÂÀ» ±â¿ïÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ºñÆÇÇß½À´Ï´Ù. Å»ºÏ¹ÎµéÀ» °è¼Ó °­Á¦·Î ºÏ¼ÛÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Å»ºÏ¹Î Á¶·ÂÀڵ鵵 ó¹úÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÁöÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±è¿µ±Ç ±âÀÚ°¡ º¸µµÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

¹Ì ±¹¹«ºÎ´Â 22ÀÏ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ ¡®2023 ±¹°¡º° ÀαǺ¸°í¼­¡¯ Áß±¹ ºÎºÐ¿¡¼­ Å»ºÏ¹Î°ú ÀÚ³à, Á¶·ÂÀÚµéÀÌ °Þ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ Á¶¸íÇß½À´Ï´Ù. º¸°í¼­´Â Áß±¹ ¹ýÀº ³­¹ÎÀ̳ª ¸Á¸í ÁöÀ§ ºÎ¿©¸¦ ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, ¡°Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ³­¹Î º¸È£¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛµµ ¾ø´Ù¡±°í Æò°¡Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

±×·¯¸é¼­ ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡ ¸Á¸í Èñ¸ÁÀÚ³ª ³­¹ÎÀº ±³À°À̳ª º¹Áö ÇýÅÃÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇÑ Ã¤ ¾ðÁ¦µç Ãß¹æµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹àÇû½À´Ï´Ù. º¸°í¼­´Â ¶Ç ¡°À¯¿£ ³­¹Î±â±¸(UNHCR)´Â Áß±¹ ´ç±¹ÀÌ ±¹°æ Áö¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀڽŵéÀÇ Á¢±ÙÀ» °è¼Ó Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í º¸°íÇß´Ù¡±°í ÀüÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

[±¹¹«ºÎ Áß±¹ ºÎ¹® º¸°í¼­]¡°UNHCR reported that officials continued to restrict UNHCR access to border areas. Authorities sometimes detained and prosecuted citizens who assisted North Korean refugees and asylum seekers, as well as those who facilitated illegal border crossings.¡±

¾Æ¿ï·¯ ¡°´ç±¹Àº ¶§¶§·Î Å»ºÏ ³­¹Î°ú ¸Á¸í Èñ¸ÁÀÚ¸¦ µ½°Å³ª ºÒ¹ý ¿ù°æÀ» Áö¿øÇÑ Áß±¹ ½Ã¹Îµéµµ ±¸±ÝÇÏ°í ±â¼ÒÇß´Ù¡±°í ¹àÇû½À´Ï´Ù.

º¸°í¼­´Â ƯÈ÷ ¡®°­Á¦¼Ûȯ¡¯ ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇϸç Å»ºÏ¹Î ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÁýÁßÀûÀ¸·Î ´Ù·ð½À´Ï´Ù. ¸ÕÀú ¡°Áß±¹ Á¤ºÎ´Â °è¼Ó ºÏÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ³­¹ÎÀ̳ª ¸Á¸í Èñ¸ÁÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ºÒ¹ý ¡®°æÁ¦ ÀÌÁֹΡ¯À¸·Î °£ÁÖÇÏ°í À̵é Áß ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷À» °­Á¦·Î ºÏÇÑÀ¸·Î µ¹·Áº¸³Â´Ù¡±°í ÁöÀûÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ¾î ºÏ¼ÛµÈ Å»ºÏ¹ÎµéÀº ¡°°í¹®, °­Á¦ ³«ÅÂ, °­Á¦ ³ëµ¿, ¼ºÆø·ÂÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ Á¨´õ ±â¹Ý Æø·Â ¶Ç´Â Á×À½ µî °¡È¤ÇÑ Ã³¹ú¿¡ Á÷¸éÇÑ´Ù¡±°í ¼³¸íÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

[±¹¹«ºÎ Áß±¹ ºÎ¹® º¸°í¼­]¡°Refoulement: The government continued to consider North Koreans as illegal ¡°economic migrants¡± rather than refugees or asylum seekers and forcibly returned many of them to North Korea, where such migrants faced harsh punishments including torture, forced abortions, forced labor, genderbased violence including sexual violence, or death.¡±

º¸°í¼­´Â Äڷγª ÆÒµ¥¹Í ±â°£ ½ÃÇàµÈ ±¹°æ ºÀ¼â·Î Áß±¹¿¡ ÀÔ±¹ÇÑ Å»ºÏ¹Î ¼ö°¡ °¨¼ÒÇß´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ¶Ç 1500¸í ÀÌ»óÀÇ ºÏÇÑ ÁÖ¹ÎÀÌ Áß±¹¿¡ ±¸±ÝµÅ ¼ÛȯµÉ À§Çè¿¡ óÇØ ÀÖ´Ù´Â À¯¿£ ºÏÇÑÀαÇƯº°º¸°í°üÀÇ °ú°Å º¸°í¼­ ³»¿ëµµ ¾ð±ÞÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ±¹¹«ºÎ´Â ÀÌ¿Í °ü·ÃÇØ ¿ÃÇØ º¸°í¼­ ºÏÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡¼­ À¯¿£ Ưº°º¸°í°üÀº Áß±¹¿¡ ±¸±ÝµÅ ºÏ¼ÛÀ» ±â´Ù¸®´Â ºÏÇÑ ÁÖ¹ÎÀÌ 2õ ¸í¿¡ ´ÞÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î 2022³â Ãß»êÇß´Ù°í ÀüÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

Áß±¹ ºÎ¹® º¸°í¼­´Â ¶Ç ¡°±¹Á¦ ¾ð·Ð º¸µµ¿¡ µû¸£¸é Áß±¹ ³» Å»ºÏ ¿©¼ºµéÀÌ ÀνŸŸŸ¦ ÅëÇØ Áß±¹ÀÎ ¹è¿ìÀÚ¿Í °áÈ¥ÇØ ³ºÀº 3¸¸ ¸í¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ´Â ÀÚ³àµéÀÌ ¾î¸Ó´Ï°¡ ¼­·ù ¹ÌºñÀÚ¶õ ÀÌÀ¯·Î Ãâ»ý½Å°í¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¸øÇØ »ç½Ç»ó ¹«±¹Àû »óÅ¿¡ ³õ¿© ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í ÁöÀûÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

[±¹¹«ºÎ Áß±¹ ºÎ¹® º¸°í¼­]¡°According to international media reports, as many as 30,000 children born to North Korean women in China, most of whom were trafficked and married to PRC citizen spouses, had not been registered because the mother was undocumented, leaving the children de facto stateless.¡±

±×·¯¸é¼­ ÀÚ³àµéÀº ¡°Àû¾îµµ ºÎ¸ð Áß ÇÑ ¸íÀÌ Áß±¹ÀÎÀÎ ¾ÆÀ̵鿡°Ô ½Ã¹Î±ÇÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â Áß±¹ÀÇ ¹ý Á¶Ç׿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ±³À°°ú ÀÇ·á µî °ø°ø ¼­ºñ½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¢±ÙÀÌ °ÅºÎµÆ´Ù¡±°í ¹àÇû½À´Ï´Ù. º¸°í¼­´Â Áß±¹ÀÎ ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ ¾Æ³»ÀÇ ºÒ¹ý ½ÅºÐÀÌ ³ëÃâµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇØ Àڳฦ µî·ÏÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ³´Ù°í µ¡ºÙ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Áß±¹Àº Áö³­´Þ 55Â÷ À¯¿£ ÀαÇÀÌ»çȸ¿Í ºÎ´ëÇà»ç¿¡¼­ Å»ºÏ¹ÎÀº ³­¹ÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ºÒ¹ý ÀÌÁÖÀÚ¶õ ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» ¹Ýº¹Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¶Ç °í¹®¹æÁöÇù¾à ÀÌÇà Àǹ«¿Í °ü·ÃÇؼ­µµ ¡°ÇöÀç ºÏÇÑ¿¡¼­ °í¹®À̳ª ¼ÒÀ§ ´ë±Ô¸ð ÀÎ±Ç Ä§ÇØ°¡ ÀÌ·ïÁø´Ù´Â Áõ°Å°¡ ¾ø´Ù¡±¸ç ¡°°­Á¦¼Ûȯ±ÝÁö ¿øÄ¢ÀÇ Àû¿ëÀ» À§ÇÑ ±¸¼º¿ä°ÇÀÌ ÃæÁ·µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¡±°í ÁÖÀåÇß¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

[Áß±¹ ¿Ü±³°ü]¡°As there is currently no evidence of torture or so-called massive human rights violations in DPRK, the constituent's elements for the application of the principle of non-refinement are not satisfied.¡±

ÁÙ¸® ÅÍ³Ê ±¹¹«ºÎ ºÏÇÑÀαÇƯ»ç´Â ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ´Þ ÃÊ ¹Î°£ Åä·Ðȸ(ÄÚ¸®¾Æ ¼Ò»çÀ̾îƼ)¿¡¼­ Áß±¹ÀÇ ÀÌ °°Àº ÁÖÀåÀ» ºñÆÇÇϸç Áß±¹ Á¤ºÎ´Â Å»ºÏ¹ÎÀÌ °­Á¦ºÏ¼ÛµÆÀ» ¶§ °Þ´Â °í¹®°ú ÇдëÀÇ À¯ÇüÀ» ¸Å¿ì »ó¼¼È÷ ±â·ÏÇÑ 400 ÆäÀÌÁö ºÐ·®ÀÇ À¯¿£ ºÏÇÑÀαÇÁ¶»çÀ§¿øȸ(COI) º¸°í¼­¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ºÁ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ±Ç°íÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

±×·¯¸é¼­ ¡°À̸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱ⠰¡Àå ½¬¿î ¹æ¹ý Áß Çϳª´Â À¯¿£ ³­¹Î±â±¸(UNHCR)°¡ (ºÏÁß) Á¢°æ Áö¿ª±îÁö Á¢±ÙÇØ ÇØ´ç °³ÀÎ(Å»ºÏ¹Î)ÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¸Á¸í Èñ¸ÁÀÚÀÎÁö ³­¹ÎÀÎÁö¸¦ Æò°¡Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¸é´ãÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Áß±¹ Á¤ºÎ°¡ Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í¡±À̶ó°í °­Á¶Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

[ÅÍ³Ê Æ¯»ç]¡°I think one of the easiest ways to deal with this is for the PRC government to allow UNHCR access up to the border region where they could do, interviews to assess whether or not the individuals are, in fact, asylum seekers or refugees.¡±

ÇÑÆí ±¹¹«ºÎ´Â ·¯½Ã¾Æ ºÎ¹® º¸°í¼­¿¡¼­ Å»ºÏ¹ÎÀ» Á÷Á¢ ¾ð±ÞÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ä ±¹³» ³­¹ÎÀ̳ª ¸Á¸í Èñ¸ÁÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çù·ÂÀÌ ¹ÌÈíÇÏ´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇß½À´Ï´Ù. º¸°í¼­´Â UNHCRÀº ÀڽŵéÀÌ ¸Á¸í, ³­¹Î, ¹«±¹ÀûÀÚ ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ ·¯½Ã¾Æ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ¾÷¹« °ü°è¸¦ ¸Î°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ ÀæÀº ¿äû¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í Á¢±ÙÀº ¡°µå¹°°í »ê¹ßÀûÀ̸ç ÀÚÀ¯·ÓÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¡±°í º¸°íÇß´Ù°í ÀüÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

±×·¯¸é¼­ À뱂 ´ÜüµéÀº Áö³­ ¸î ³â µ¿¾È ·¯½Ã¾Æ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ³­¹Î ¹× Àӽà ¸Á¸í ÁöÀ§ ºÎ¿©°¡ °¨¼ÒÇß´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇß´Ù°í ¹àÇû½À´Ï´Ù. ·¯½Ã¾Æ ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ³­¹ÎÁö¿ø´Üü Áß ÇϳªÀÎ ¡®½Ã¹ÎÁö¿øÀ§¿øȸ¡¯ÀÇ ½ºº£Æ²¶ó³ª °£´©½ÃÅ°³ª ´ëÇ¥´Â Áö³­ÇØ VOA¿¡ ·¯½Ã¾Æ ´ç±¹ÀÌ °ø°³ ¼ö¹è¸¦ ÅëÇØ ÀϺΠŻºÏ¹ÎÀ» ÃßÀûÇÏ´Â »óȲÀ» ¿ì·ÁÇÏ¸ç ¡°ºÒÇàÈ÷µµ ·¯½Ã¾Æ°¡ ºÏÇÑ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î Ç¥·ùÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í ÁöÀûÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.



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