FREEDOM ±³¾ç¿µ¾î (190): 'Devils' By Dostoevsky-3: µµ½ºÅ俦½ºÅ°´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ »ýµæÀû(ßæÔðîÜ) ¼±·®ÇÔÀ» ¹Ï¾ú´Ù
According to him, Nikolai Vsevolodovich became acquainted with the Lebyadkins when he was living a life of "mockery" in Petersburg five years earlier. The downtrodden, crippled and half mad Marya had fallen hopelessly in love with him and he had responded by treating her "like a marquise". She began to think of him as her fiancé, and when he left he made arrangements for her support, including a substantial allowance, which her brother proceeded to appropriate as though he had some sort of right to it. Varvara Petrovna is elated and almost triumphant to hear that her son's actions had a noble foundation rather than a shameful one. Under interrogation from Pyotr Stepanovich, Captain Lebyadkin reluctantly confirms the truth of the whole story. He departs in disgrace as Nikolai Vsevolodovich returns from escorting Marya home. Nikolai Vsevolodovich addresses himself to Dasha with congratulations on her impending marriage, of which, he says, he was expressly informed. As if on cue, Pyotr Stepanovich says that he too has received a long letter from his father about an impending marriage, but that one cannot make sense of it—something about having to get married because of "another man's sins", and pleading to be "saved". An enraged Varvara Petrovna tells Stepan Trofimovich to leave her house and never come back. In the uproar that follows no one notices Shatov, who has not said a word the entire time, walking across the room to stand directly in front of Nikolai Vsevolodovich. He looks him in the eye for a long time without saying anything, then suddenly hits him in the face with all his might. Stavrogin staggers, recovers himself, and seizes Shatov; but he immediately takes his hands away, and stands motionless, calmly returning Shatov's gaze. It is Shatov who lowers his eyes, and leaves, apparently crushed. Liza screams and collapses on the floor in a faint.
±×¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé Nikolai Vasevolodovich´Â 5³â Àü¿¡ Petersburg¿¡¼ 'ð¿áÅ(Á¶¼Ò)'ÀÇ »îÀ» »ì°í ÀÖ¾úÀ» ¶§ Lebyadkin ÇüÁ¦µé°ú Ä£ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. Çдë¹Þ°í ºÒ±¸ÀÌ°í ¹ÝÂë ¹ÌÃÄÀÖ´Â Marya´Â °¡¸Áµµ ¾øÀÌ(hopelessly) ±×¸¦ »ç¶ûÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú°í ±×´Â ±×³à¸¦ 'ÈÄÀÛºÎÀÎ'À¸·Î ´ë¿ìÇÔ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×³à´Â ±×¸¦ ¾àÈ¥ÀÚÀÎ °Íó·³ »ý°¢Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÏ¿´°í ±×¸®°í ±×°¡ ¶°³¯ ¶§¿¡ ±×´Â »ó´çÇÑ ±Ý¾×ÀÇ ¼ö´ç(allowance)À» Æ÷ÇÔÇؼ ±×³à¸¦ Áö¿øÇÒ Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª ±×³àÀÇ ¿Àºü°¡ ¸¶Ä¡ ±× ¼ö´ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Â °Íó·³ ±× ¼ö´çÀ» Ⱦ·ÉÇØ ¹ö·È´Ù. Varvara Petrovna´Â ±×³àÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀÌ ¼öÄ¡½º·´±âº¸´Ù´Â °í±ÍÇÑ ±Ù°Å¸¦(¼Ò¹®ÀÇ) °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» µè°í ÀDZâ¾ç¾çÇØÁö°í °ÅÀÇ ½Â¸®°¨±îÁö ´À³¢°Ô µÈ´Ù. Pyotr Stepanovich·ÎºÎÅÍ ½É¹®À» ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç Lebyadkin ´ëÀ§´Â ¸¶Áö¸øÇؼ Àüü À̾߱âÀÇ Áø½ÇÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â Nikolai Vsevolodovich°¡ Marya¸¦ Áý¿¡±îÁö ¹Ù·¡´ÙÁÖ°í µ¹¾Æ¿Ã ¶§ ¸Á½Å´çÇÑ Ã¤ ¶°³ª°£´Ù. Nikolai Vsevolodovich´Â Dasha¿¡°Ô ±×³àÀÇ ÀÓ¹ÚÇÑ °áÈ¥¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÃàÇÏÀÇ Àλç·Î¼ ¸»À» °Ç³×¸ç ±× °áÈ¥¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ±×´Â Ưº°È÷ Å뺸¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò¾ú´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ½Ã°£À» ¸ÂÃ߱⳪ ÇϵíÀÌ Pyotr Stepanovich´Â ±×µµ ÀÓ¹ÚÇÑ °áÈ¥¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ±×ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö·ÎºÎÅÍ ±ä ÆíÁö¸¦ ¹Þ¾ÒÁö¸¸ ±×°ÍÀ»¡ª'´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÁË' ¶§¹®¿¡ °áÈ¥À» ÇØ¾ß µÇ°í '±¸¿ø¹Þ¾Ò´Ù'°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â °Í¡ªÀÏ¹Ý »ç¶÷(one)Àº ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. °Ý³ëÇÑ Varvara Petrovna´Â Stepan Trofimovich¿¡°Ô ±×³àÀÇ Áý¿¡¼ ³ª°¡¼ °áÄÚ µ¹¾Æ¿ÀÁö ¸»¶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. µÚµû¶ó¿Â ¼Ò¶õ ¼Ó¿¡¼ ±× ½Ã°£ ³»³» ÇÑ ¸¶µð ¸»µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´ø Shatov°¡ ¹æÀ» °¡·ÎÁú·¯ °É¾î°¡¼ Nikolai Vsevolodovich ¹Ù·Î ¾Õ¿¡ ¼´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Æ¹«µµ ¸ñ°ÝÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ¾Æ¹«·± ¸»µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í Nikolai VsevolodovichÀÇ ´«À» ÃÄ´Ùº¸°í ±×¸®°í ³ª¼ Àü·ÂÀ» ´ÙÇؼ ±×ÀÇ ¸é»óÀ» ÈÄ·Á°¥±ä´Ù. StavroginÀº ºñƲ°Å¸®°í ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ȸº¹ÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ Shatov¸¦ ²Ë Àâ´Â´Ù; ±×·¯³ª ±×´Â Áï°¢ ±×ÀÇ ¼ÕÀ» Ä¡¿ì°í ShatovÀÇ ´«±æÀ» ħÂøÇÏ°Ô µÇ¹Þ¾Æ º¸¸ç ²Ä¦ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¼ÀÖ´Ù. ´«À» ³»¸®±ò°í ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ±â°¡ Á×¾î¼(crushed) ¶°³ª°£ °ÍÀº Shatov¿´´Ù. Liza´Â ºñ¸íÀ» Áö¸£°í ±âÀýÇؼ ¹Ù´Ú¿¡ ¾²·¯Áø´Ù.
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Dostoevsky´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ »ýµæÀûÀÎ ¼±·®ÇÔÀ» ¹Ï¾ú´ø ¸Å¿ì Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ ÀÛ°¡¿´´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¾ÇÇàÀ» ÇÒ ¶§, ±×°ÍÀº ±×µéÀÌ ¾ÇÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í ¾ÇÀ̳ª °ÅÁþÀÇ ±Ç¼¼¿¡ ±¼º¹ÇÏ¿© Áø½Ç¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ±×µéÀÌ ¾ÇÀ» ÇàÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â ÀÌÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù. 'Devils'¿¡¼ ±Í½Åµé¸®´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ DostoevskyÀÇ ¹¦»ç´Â ÀÌ·± À߸øµÈ ¹ÏÀ½¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸ ±â·ÏÀÌ´Ù.
±× ¹¦»ç(¼Ò¼³)ÀÇ Á߽ɿ¡ û³â Nikolai StavroginÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±×´Â À̾߱âÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ È°µ¿ÀÌ ½ÃÀÛÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ¼±°ú ¾ÇÀº Æí°ß¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» È®¸³Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ½ÇÇèü·Î¼ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »îÀ» ¼±Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ¸ñÀûÀ» À§Çؼ ±×´Â ¿Ü±¹¿¡¼ µµ´öÀûÀ¸·Î ÁöÀúºÐÇÑ »îÀ» »ì¾Æ ¿Ô°í ±×·± »îÀ» ¹«½Ã¹«½ÃÇÑ ±Ø´Ü±îÁö ¹Ð°í °¬À¸¸ç(ÇÑ ¾î¸° ¼Ò³à¸¦ °°£ÇÏ¿© ÀÚ»ìÇϵµ·Ï ¸ô¾Æ°¬´Ù) ±×·¯°í ³ª¼´Â Á¤½Åº´À» ¾Î°í ÀÖ´Â ½ÅüÀûÀ¸·Î ºÒ±¸ÀÎ ¿©¼º°ú °áÈ¥ÇÏ´Â °Í °°Àº ±â±«ÇÑ ÁüÀ» ÁüÀ¸·Î¼ ±×ÀÇ ºñÇà°ú ±ÕÇüÀ» ¸ÂÃß·Á°í ½ÃµµÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·± ½Ãµµ´Â ±Ã±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ±×ÀÇ Á¤½ÅÀÌ ÁöÅÊÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Í ÀÌ»óÀ̾ú°í ±×·¡¼ ¼±¾ÇÀ» ÃÊ¿ùÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â NietzscheÀû ÃÊÀΰ£Àº ½ÇÇöµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
StavroginÀÇ ¼öÁ¦ÀÚ´Â °ÅÁþ¸»ÀïÀÌÀÌ°í ±¤ÀÎÀÌ°í Á¤½ÅÁúȯÀÚÀÎ Pyotor VerkhovenskyÀÌ´Ù. Pyotor¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ¼Ò¼³ ¼ÓÀÇ »ç°ÇÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ ±âȹµÇ°í Àü°³µÈ´Ù. ¼ø¼öÇÏ°Ô ºñ±ØÀûÀÎ Àι° Stavrogin°ú´Â ´Þ¸® ±×´Â ±×ÀÇ »ç¾ÇÇÑ Çൿ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¾ç½ÉÀÇ °¡Ã¥À̳ª °íÅëÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ Á÷Á¢ µÎ »ç¶÷À» »ìÇØÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥ 3¸íÀÇ Á×À½ÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ±×´Â ³¡¿¡ °¡¼ ±×°¡ ¹«½Ã¹«½ÃÇÏ°í »ç¾ÇÇÑ »ç°Ç ¼ÓÀ¸·Î ²ø¾îµé¿´´ø »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇؼ Á¶±ÝÀÇ °ü½Éµµ ¾øÀÌ µµÁÖÇØ ¹ö¸°´Ù.
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