by Kim Pyung-woo (Attorney and Former Head of Korea Bar Association)
The National Assembly ratified the presidential impeachment bill on Dec. 9, 2016. President Park Geun-hye¡¯s official powers were suspended and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn assumed the role of acting president. This state of emergency has continued for months.
The opposition camp, which accounts for a majority of the seats at the National Assembly and virtually dominates state affairs, does not recognize Hwang as acting president and continues to treat him like a lower-ranking official. Opposition lawmakers summon Hwang for questioning at will. This is lamentable. Let us take a legal magnifying glass and see just how ludicrous the claims of opposition lawmaker are.
Legally speaking, an acting president represents the leader of our country. It is a measure guaranteed by the Constitution that ensures that our nation does not fall into a rudderless state in the event of our leader¡¯s impeachment. The special position was created so that the prime minister will assume all presidential roles temporarily until the Constitutional Court rules in favor or against presidential impeachment. The position is similar to a court-appointed guardian of an estate passed on to a juvenile.
As a result, Hwang has been more than just prime minister since Dec. 10, 2016. He is our temporary president. Legally speaking, an acting president is the president so Hwang is able to exercise the full powers of a president that are guaranteed by the Constitution. Those powers include the power to declare a state of martial law in emergency situations, the power to veto legislations, authority to issue emergency orders, appoint Constitutional Court justices and Supreme Court judges. (If these powers were not granted to the acting president, our nation may become vulnerable to foreign invasion or find itself helpless during times of economic crises.
But opposition lawmakers are ignoring this clear legal mandate and continue to refer to the acting president as prime minister and refuse to acknowledge his presidential status. Opposition lawmakers are also attacking the acting president for refusing to agree to attend various events the National Assembly is pursuing. If everything goes according to the intentions of opposition lawmakers, Hwang would be unable to carry out state affairs since he would have to report daily to the National Assembly to answer questions posed by lawmakers.
Not only that, Constitutional Court justice Park Han-chol retired after his official term ended on Jan. 31. As a result, the Constitutional Court now has eight justices to preside over the impeachment trial. If such an important trial is judged by eight instead of the usual nine justices, problems could arise. The court¡¯s final ruling could face fierce opposition from the losing side. The National Assembly is making the ridiculous claim that Hwang cannot appoint a successor to the retired Constitutional Court justice, since he is a prime minister. In other words, opposition lawmakers are refusing to accept Hwang¡¯s authority as acting president. As a result, Hwang is unable to appoint a successor to the outgoing Constitutional Court judge.
If that is the case, the Constitutional Court must halt the trial and insist it will wait until the acting president and National Assembly choose a successor to the outgoing justice. But unfortunately and to my disappointment, Park did not urge the speedy appointment of his successor in his farewell speech. Now, it has become a logical conclusion to rush and wrap up the trial before Mar. 13, when justice Lee Jung-mi retires. Park had retired after setting a legally meaningless deadline for the trial. The Constitutional Court has been holding two full days of deliberations a week, which is unprecedented in an impeachment trial, and now seeks to speed up the pace even more.
Judging by the outgoing court president¡¯s comments, the Constitutional Court is more than willing to hold a hearing every day in order to meet the odd deadline that coincides with the retirement of justice Lee. In his farewell speech, Park should have stressed the importance of having nine Constitutional Court justices. Yet he left after making the ludicrous comment that seven justices are fine, but eight will not do. How will the public be able to accept the final ruling of the Constitutional Court?
The political leadership of this country was blinded by their factional struggle for power, turning Korea into a nation without a constitution and without a president or leader. The country has fallen into a state of lawlessness in which only the orders given by revolutionary leaders are heard. The opposition camp is trying to get rid of our leader in the name of impeachment and gain control of power. What do we call an act of seizing control of a nation during the temporary absence of the leader? We call it rebellious treason.
The actions of the ruling Saenuri Party¡¯s lawmakers are even more pathetic. Rather than criticizing and fighting against the act of treason being committed by opposition lawmakers, Saenuri Party lawmakers are eyeing the best timing for them to take advantage of the chaos for their own gain. They are busy announcing new blueprints for state affairs and boasting indirectly about their own abilities. I believe the acts being committed by Saenuri Party lawmakers are also tantamount to treason. But then again, let¡¯s remind ourselves of where Saenuri Party lawmaker come from. They are the ones who actually supported the ludicrous impeachment bill targeting our leader, fueled by the opposition camp, left-wing news media and candlelight protesters.
The most pathetic one in the lot is the independent counsel. Just because he was appointed by opposition lawmakers, the independent counsel has detained an incumbent government minister using his own biased standards and incarcerated the head of a major business conglomerate and even subjected him to a rectal probe. The Constitution stipulates that the president is immune from criminal investigation unless he or she is accused of insurrection or allowing a foreign invasion. But the independent counsel completely ignored such regulations and was hell bent on searching Cheong WaDae in the name of investigating the petty offenses of Choi Soon-sil.
Cheong WaDae is both the residence and office of our president and symbolizes the authority of our nation. Is it possible to authorize a search of such a place simply to probe the petty offenses of Choi Soon-sil, who holds no official title? How could a judge possibly authorize a warrant for such an unlawful search? It is simply lamentable! Prosecutors and judges are using the law, whose purpose is to protect our citizens, to overthrow our leader. Can they call themselves prosecutors and judges?
Yet the media, the judiciary, academics, NGOs and young people in this country are remaining silent. It seems the events unfolding before their eyes are completely alien to them. They believe that the National Assembly, the media, and the Constitutional Court will take care of everything. The even asked me why I bothered to return to Korea when I was living comfortably in the U.S. in my ripe old age of 70. They asked me if I had been given a seat in government. I was completely speechless.
There is something Koreans are either completely unaware of or have forgotten. The impeachment passed by the National Assembly on Dec. 19, 2016 cannot be called an impeachment. The impeachment vote was merely an extension of the opposition camp¡¯s move to oust the president. It is an act of concerted treason being committed by opposition lawmakers, biased news media and candlelight protesters. The impeachment does not target the president. It is merely a process of turning our democratic nation into a vassal state of North Korean nation founder Kim Il-sung¡¯sjuche ideology.
I returned to my homeland, because I could not sit idly by as I witnessed my thankless countrymen complain about unfairness and claim that they deserve more, as I witnessed the learned ones in our society keep their mouths shut as traitors seek to seize power and as I witnessed the treason being committed by power-hungry politicians, journalists, prosecutors, scholars and artists.
I truly believe that the rightful owners of this nation are the meek and poor Koreans who have poured out into the cold streets this winter seeking to uphold the legitimacy of their nation, while the rich and powerful enjoy golf and hot spas in warmer climates. I came back to my homeland to join those meek and poor Koreans in order to pay back the debt I owe to those who helped build our great nation. That is the only reason I returned.
May my beloved country live forever!
Feb. 4, 2017
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